Document Type

Article

Abstract

Automotive battery manufacturers are working to improve the individual cell and overall pack design by increasing durability, performance, and range, while reducing cost, and active material volume change is a key aspect that needs to be considered during this design process. Recently, silicon oxide-graphite composite anodes are being explored to increase total anode capacity while maintaining a tolerable amount of cell level reversible volume expansion due to the relatively lower reversible volume change of the silicon oxide compared to pure battery grade or metallurgical grade silicon. To predict the blended anode response and contribution to the overall cell volume change, we integrated the mechanical behavior of the individual active materials with the multi-species, multi-reaction model to predict the state-of-lithiation of the active materials in the cell at a given potential. The resulting simulations illustrate the tradeoff in volume change between the silicon oxide and the graphite during cell operation. This type of modeling approach will allow designers to virtually consider the impact of cell level and pack level design changes on overall system mechanical performance for automotive and grid storage applications, namely that relatively small addition of silicon containing materials can drive a significant increase in the volume change at the cell level, as demonstrated by the 5 wt% addition of silicon oxide accounting for half of the overall volume change in the cell.

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

https://doi.org/10.1149/1945-7111/ad7982

Rights

© 2024 The Author(s). Published on behalf of The Electrochemical Society by IOP Publishing Limited. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License (CC BY, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse of the work in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

APA Citation

Garrick, T. R., Koch, B. J., Fernandez, M. A., Efimoff, E., Teel, H., Jones, M. D., Tu, M., & Shimpalee, S. (2024). Modeling Reversible Volume Change in Automotive Battery Cells with Porous Silicon Oxide-Graphite Composite Anodes. Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 171(10), 103509. https://doi.org/10.1149/1945-7111/ad7982

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