Document Type
Article
Abstract
Objective
To identify longitudinal bidirectional associations between unique sleep trajectories and obesity and hypertension among Black, adolescent girls.
Design, setting, and participants
Longitudinal data were from a randomized controlled trial (2009-2013) implemented in schools serving low-income communities aimed at preventing obesity among adolescent girls (mean age = 12.2 years (standard deviation ± 0.72).
Measures
Nocturnal sleep data were extracted from accelerometers at T1 (enrollment, n = 470), T2 (6-month, n = 348), and T3 (18-month follow-up, n = 277); height and weight were measured at T1-T3; and systolic/diastolic blood pressure at T1 and T3 using an oscillometric monitor. Multilevel models examined longitudinal associations. Finite mixture models identified sleep trajectory groups. Structural equation models examined whether T1 chronic disease risk predicted sleep profiles, and conversely, if sleep trajectories predicted T3 chronic disease risk. Data were analyzed in 2021.
Results
For each additional hour of sleep and 1% increase in efficiency there was a 7% lower risk of overweight/obesity at T1 and 6% lower risk at T2, but not at T3. Four sleep trajectories emerged: Worsened, Irregular, Improved, and Regular, with no demographic or metabolic differences between the trajectories. Improved sleep trajectory predicted lower diastolic percentile at T3 (b = −8.81 [95% confidence interval −16.23, −1.40]).
Conclusions
Group-based trajectories of sleep duration and quality provide information on modifiable factors that can be targeted in interventions to evaluate their impact on reducing chronic diseases and addressing disparities. Additional research is needed on samples beyond those recruited in the context of an intervention study.
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
Publication Info
Published in Sleep Health, Volume 8, Issue 2, 2022, pages 200-207.
Rights
© 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of National Sleep Foundation. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
APA Citation
Trude, A. C. B., Armstrong, B., Kramer Fiala Machado, A., Wickwire, E. M., Covington, L. B., Wang, Y., Hager, E., & Black, M. M. (2022). Waking up to sleep’s role in obesity and blood pressure among Black adolescent girls in low-income, US urban communities: A longitudinal analysis. Sleep Health, 8(2), 200–207. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sleh.2021.12.001