Household Food Insecurity Is Associated With Diabetic Ketoacidosis but Not Severe Hypoglycemia or Glycemic Control in Youth and Young Adults With Youth‐Onset Type 2 Diabetes

Author(s)

Lauren A. Reid
Jason A. Mendoza
Anwar T. Nerchant, University of South CarolinaFollow
Marco Geraci
Beth A. Reboussin
Faisal S. Malik
Alice M. Ellyson
Dana Dabelea
Lina Merjaneh
Santica M. Marcovina
Eva Lustigova
Jean .. Lawrence
Angela D. Liese Ph.D., University of South CarolinaFollow

Document Type

Article

Abstract

Objective: To examine the association between household food insecurity (HFI), glycemic control, severe hypoglycemia and diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) among youth and young adults (YYA) with youth-onset type 2 diabetes.

Research design and methods: This cross-sectional study included 395 YYA with type 2 diabetes from the SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Study (2015–2019). HFI was reported by young adult participants or parents of minor participants via the US Household Food Security Survey Module. Glycemic control was assessed by HbA1c and analyzed as a continuous and categorical variable (optimal:9.0%). Acute complications included self-reported severe hypoglycemia or DKA in the last 12 months. Adjusted logistic and linear regression were used for binary and continuous outcomes, respectively.

Results: Approximately 31% reported HFI in the past 12 months. Mean HbA1c among those with HFI was 9.2% compared to 9.5% without HFI. Of those with HFI, 56% had an HbA1c >9.0% compared to 55% without HFI. Adjusted models showed no associations between HFI and glycemic control. Of those with HFI, 14.4% reported experiencing DKA and 4.7% reported severe hypoglycemia. YYA with HFI had 3.08 times (95% CI: 1.18–8.06) the odds of experiencing DKA as those without HFI. There was no association between HFI and severe hypoglycemia.

Conclusions HFI was associated with markedly increased odds of DKA but not with glycemic control or severe hypoglycemia. Future research among YYA with type 2 diabetes should evaluate longitudinally whether alleviating HFI reduces DKA.

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

https://doi.org/10.1111/pedi.13386

Publication Info

Published in Pediatric Diabetes, Volume 23, Issue 7, 2022.

© 2022 The Authors. Pediatric Diabetespublished by John Wiley & Sons Ltd This is an open access article under the terms of theCreative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivsLicense, which permits use and distribution in anymedium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.

APA Citation

Reid, L. A., Mendoza, J. A., Merchant, A. T., Geraci, M., Reboussin, B. A., Malik, F. S., Ellyson, A. M., Dabelea, D., Merjaneh, L., Marcovina, S. M., Lustigova, E., Lawrence, J. M., & Liese, A. D. (2022). Household food insecurity is associated with diabetic ketoacidosis but not severe hypoglycemia or glycemic control in youth and young adults with youth‐onset type 2 diabetes. Pediatric Diabetes, 23(7), 982–990. https://doi.org/10.1111/pedi.13386

Rights

© 2022 The Authors. Pediatric Diabetespublished by John Wiley & Sons Ltd This is an open access article under the terms of theCreative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivsLicense, which permits use and distribution in anymedium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.